Notes

Along that contentious border where journalism marches with historical research, some problems of citation are presented by interviews. The problems are of two kinds: accuracy and attribution. I tape-record interviews when possible, and always transcribe the tapes myself. In a few instances, interviews were taken down in notebooks, in a condensed longhand; I try to type out the notes the same day. Nothing appears within quotation marks except the words of my respondent that I actually recorded or took down; I have sometimes supplied his antecedent or elided a repetition or a self-correction, but I do even that kind of editing rarely. Several people, including some of the best informed, had to ask that their statements not be attributed to them, or not even to their organizations. British civil servants are bound by this sort of rule, as was an official at a manufacturing concern. Therefore, some apparently fatherless entries in my text will have to prove their pedigrees in the running.

The interviews from which I used quotations or information were conducted as follows, and will be cited further in these notes only when the text does not identify an important source (or make clear the date of the conversation, where relevant).

Don Aitken, of Release, London, September 1972 and December 1973
Dr. Thomas Bewley, Lambeth Hospital, London, August 1972; some details rechecked, January 1973 and April 1974.
Professor Richard Blum, Stanford University, interviews in Lon-
don, April 1973, and Washington, D.C., September 1973
Dr. Thomas Bryant, Drug Abuse Council, interview in New York City, July 1972
Dr. Peter A. L. Chapple, National Addiction Research Institute, London, July 1972
Dr. Philip Connell, The Bethlem Royal Hospital, London, August 1972; rechecked with him.
Department of Health and Social Security, London, various informants, August 1972, January and April 1973
Dr. Griffith Edwards, Addiction Research Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, The Maudsley Hospital, London, August 1972 and December 1973
Graham Finney, New York, June 1972, when he was commissioner of New York City's Addiction Services Agency
Professor Daniel X. Freedman, University of Chicago, interviews in London, April 1973, and Chicago, October 1973
Dr. Elmer Gardner, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland, July 1972; rechecked with him.
Dr. Max Glatt, editor, British Journal of Addiction, London, September 1972
Dr. David Hawks, Addiction Research Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, London, January 1973
Edward David Hill, All Saints' Hospital, Birmingham, August 1972
Home Office, London, various informants, August, September, and December 1972; January, August, and October 1973; May 1974
Commander Robert Huntley, Metropolitan Police, New Scotland Yard, London, January 1973
Dr. Ian Pierce James, Glenside Hospital, Bristol, August 1972 and November 1973
Rt. Hon. Roy Jenkins, M.P., House of Commons, London, January 1973; rechecked with him.
Dr. John Mack, Miss Susan Norvill, Hackney Hospital, London, August 1972
Dr. Martin Mitcheson, University College Hospital, interviews in London, August 1972, rechecked with him, and in Washington, D.C., March 1973.
Dr. Robert Newman, New York City, June 1972
Dr. Gisela Brigitte Oppenheim, Charing Cross Hospital, London, August 1972; rechecked with her.
Hon. Charles Rangel, House of Representatives, interview in New York City, June 1972
Colin Roberts, Addiction Research Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, London, September 1973
Dr. Margaret Tripp, interviews in Colchester, August 1972, and Washington, D.C., March 1973
Dr. James Willis, St. Giles' Hospital, London, April 1973
Jim Zacune, North Staffordshire Polytechnic, Stoke-on-Trent, interview in London, September 1972
Dr. Norman Zinberg, Cambridge, Mass., interviews in England, August 1972, and Cambridge, Mass., October 1973