BBC News

November 19 2009

*Sacked government drugs adviser Prof David Nutt has called for a
Royal Commission to investigate whether cannabis should be
decriminalised.*

Prof Nutt told the BBC the possibility of allowing Dutch-style
cannabis cafes should be "explored".

But his call comes as another academic is due to publish a study
highlighting the possible links between the drug and schizophrenia.

"The more you smoke, the higher the risk," Prof Robin Murray told the
BBC.

Prof Nutt told Radio 4's The Report that a Royal Commission on
decriminalising the use of cannabis was a "sensible" idea and it could
have "big health benefits."

He added: "We've seen some countries like Portugal make real progress
in terms of drug-related crime and drug-related harms by
decriminalising drugs of personal use.

"You could make a moral position that why should people be imprisoned
for possessing something that effectively will only harm themselves?"

Prof Nutt said: "I certainly am interested in the idea that we might
de-penalise possession and even allow the Dutch model for cannabis -
the coffee shops - which could potentially have many benefits.

"I think it's perfectly sensible to think about the Dutch model for
cannabis and explore whether that might be a tenable way of allowing
young people to get an intoxicant which is safer than alcohol, and
which they could then use in a controlled, safe environment."

He suggested that "trial towns" might be set up for an experiment.

Prof Nutt was sacked three weeks ago from his post as head of The
Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) by Home Secretary Alan
Johnson, who accused him of campaigning against the government's
decision to reclassify cannabis as a Class B drug.

The professor had attacked what he called the "artificial" separation
of alcohol and tobacco from illegal drugs and said smoking cannabis
created only a "relatively small risk" of psychotic illness.

*Skunk and psychosis*

But this view is challenged by research due to be published next
month by Robin Murray, professor of psychiatry at the Institute of
Psychiatry, who said that eight studies published since 2002 had shown
that the risk of developing schizophrenia or psychotic symptoms was
higher in those who used cannabis.

He told The Report the risk increased in younger cannabis users and
those who smoked skunk, the more potent strain of the drug.

"Our evidence was that if you started smoking by the age of 18, then
you're about one-and-a-half times more likely to go psychotic by the
time you are 26," said Prof Murray.

"If you start by 15, you're four and a half times more likely."

He said that traditional studies showed that 8% to 15% of all
schizophrenia cases could be attributed to cannabis but he added:
"More recently, our evidence from south London is that it's more like
20% and I think that is associated with skunk."

Prof Murray also said 20% of all the people who developed
schizophrenia would not do so if people did not smoke cannabis, and in
particular skunk. "I think that would be worthwhile," he added.

Prof Nutt said Prof Murray's was an important study but "we need to
know if it is replicated across the country".

He added: "I'm not saying cannabis is safe, it is a dangerous drug,
but the majority of people who use do not come to any serious harm."

Prof Nutt said it was difficult to tell if the drug was more
dangerous to adolescents.

*The Report is on BBC Radio 4 on Thursday, 19 November at 2000 GMT.
You can also listen via the BBC * *iPlayer*
<http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00nw3rv>
 *after broadcast or download the * *podcast.*
<http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/podcasts/r4report/>

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8366466.stm