EMCDDA Report on the risk assessment of PMMA

EMCDDA Report on the risk assessment of PMMA Mon, 17 Oct 2011 17:24:30 +0100 FeedCreator 1.7.3 Contents https://abuse-drug.com/lib/EMCDDA-Report-on-the-risk-assessment-of-PMMA/contents.html <a href="index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4458:foreword&catid=289&Itemid=10">Foreword</a> <a href="index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4459:abbreviations&catid=289&Itemid=10">Abbreviations</a> <a href="index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4460:introduction&catid=289&Itemid=10">Introduction</a> <a href="index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4461:chapter-1-report-on-the-risk-assessment-of-pmma-in-the-framework-of-the-joint-action-on-new-synthetic-drugs&catid=289&Itemid=10">Chapter 1: Report on the risk assessment of PMMA in the framework of the joint action on new synthetic drugs</a> <a href="index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4464:chapter-2-council-decision&catid=289&Itemid=10">Chapter 2: Council decision</a> <a href="index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4465:chapter-3-europolemcdda-progress-report&catid=289&Itemid=10">Chapter 3: Europol–EMCDDA progress report on PMMA and PMA</a> <a href="index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4481:chapter-4-review-of-the-pharmacotoxicological-data-on-pmma-14&catid=289&Itemid=10">Chapter 4: Review of the pharmacotoxicological data on PMMA</a> <a href="index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4483:chapter-5-sociological-and-criminological-evidence-on-the-risks-of-pmma&catid=289&Itemid=10">Chapter 5: Sociological and criminological evidence on the risks of PMMA</a> <a href="index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4484:chapter-6-public-health-risks-of-pmma-epidemiological-evidence&catid=289&Itemid=10">Chapter 6: Public health risks of PMMA: epidemiological evidence</a> <a href="index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4485:references&catid=289&Itemid=10">References</a> <a href="index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4486:participants-in-the-risk-assessment-process&catid=289&Itemid=10">Participants in the risk assessment process</a> ... EMCDDA Report on the risk assessment of PMMA Fri, 29 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 Foreword https://abuse-drug.com/lib/EMCDDA-Report-on-the-risk-assessment-of-PMMA/foreword.html It gives me particular pleasure to present the results of the risk assessment undertaken by the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) on the substance para -methoxymetha mpheta mine (PMMA). The risk assessment was carried out under the terms of a joint action adopted on 16 June 1997 by the Council of the European Union (EU) (1). The meeting to assess the risks of PMMA was convened under the auspices of the Scientific Committee of the EMCDDA and was held on 29 October 2... EMCDDA Report on the risk assessment of PMMA Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 Abbreviations https://abuse-drug.com/lib/EMCDDA-Report-on-the-risk-assessment-of-PMMA/abbreviations.html BKA    BundeskriminalamtCAM    Coordination Centre for Assessment and Monitoring of New Drugs of MisuseDEA    Drugs Enforcement AdministrationEuropol    European Police OfficeEMCDDA    European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug AddictionEMEA    European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal ProductsReitox    European information network on drugs and drug addiction3,4 DMA    ... EMCDDA Report on the risk assessment of PMMA Wed, 27 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 Introduction https://abuse-drug.com/lib/EMCDDA-Report-on-the-risk-assessment-of-PMMA/introduction.html Since June 1997, the date on which the Council of the EU for joint action adopted recommendations concerning the information exchange, risk assessment and control of new synthetic drugs, PMMA is the fifth product to have undergone the risk assessment procedure. Previously, the extended Scientific Committee of the EMCDDA had performed risk assessments on MBDB, 4-MTA, ketamine and GHB. Unlike ketamine and GHB, but similar to MBDB and 4-MTA, PMMA is one of the numerous ‘new synthetic drugs’ wit... EMCDDA Report on the risk assessment of PMMA Tue, 26 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 Chapter 1 Report on the risk assessment of PMMA in the framework of the joint action on new ... https://abuse-drug.com/lib/EMCDDA-Report-on-the-risk-assessment-of-PMMA/chapter-1-report-on-the-risk-assessment-of-pmma-in-the-framework-of-the-joint-action-on-new-synthetic-drugs.html A meeting of the Scientific Committee of the EMCDDA, extended with experts nominated by the Member States and representatives of the European Commission, Europol and the EMEA, was held on 29 October 2001. This meeting sought to assess the health and social risks of PMMA, especially in association with PMA, as well as to assess the possible consequences of prohibition. This meeting was subsequent to the formal notification of the Swedish Presidency of the Council of the EU requesting a risk assess... EMCDDA Report on the risk assessment of PMMA Tue, 26 Apr 2011 11:32:57 +0100 Chapter 2 Council decision https://abuse-drug.com/lib/EMCDDA-Report-on-the-risk-assessment-of-PMMA/chapter-2-council-decision.html Council decision of 28 February 2002 concerning control measures and criminal sanctions in respect of the new synthetic drug PMMA (6) THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, Having regard to the Treaty on European Union, Having regard to joint action 97/396/JHA of 16 June 1997 concerning the information exchange, risk assessment and the control of new synthetic drugs (7), and in particular Article 5(1) thereof, Having regard to the initiative of the Commission, Whereas: (1) A risk assessment rep... EMCDDA Report on the risk assessment of PMMA Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 Chapter 3 Europol–EMCDDA progress report https://abuse-drug.com/lib/EMCDDA-Report-on-the-risk-assessment-of-PMMA/chapter-3-europolemcdda-progress-report.html Europol–EMCDDA progress report on PMMA and PMA (9) in accordance with Article 3 of the joint action of 16 June 1997 concerning the information exchange, risk assessment and control of new synthetic drugs Introduction PMMA is a non-scheduled, new synthetic drug which has been found in association with PMA in ‘ecstasy’-like tablets. PMA has been listed in Schedule I of the 1971 UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances since 1986, and first appeared on the European market in December 1998. P... EMCDDA Report on the risk assessment of PMMA Sat, 23 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 Chapter 4 Review of the pharmacotoxicological data on PMMA (14) https://abuse-drug.com/lib/EMCDDA-Report-on-the-risk-assessment-of-PMMA/chapter-4-review-of-the-pharmacotoxicological-data-on-pmma-14.html Summary Pharmacology and toxicology of PMMA in animals i. Drug discrimination experiments have demonstrated that PMMA lacks amphetamine-like or hallucinogenic properties. In MDMA-trained rats, PMMA could be substituted for MDMA. In PMMA-trained rats, MDMA could be substituted for PMMA. However, PMMA could not be substituted for amphetamine or the hallucinogen, DOM. ii. PMMA did not stimulate locomotor activity in rats at dosages of up to 30 mg/kg. However, sympathomimetic stimulation (e.g. sal... EMCDDA Report on the risk assessment of PMMA Fri, 22 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 Chapter 5 Sociological and criminological evidence on the risks of PMMA https://abuse-drug.com/lib/EMCDDA-Report-on-the-risk-assessment-of-PMMA/chapter-5-sociological-and-criminological-evidence-on-the-risks-of-pmma.html Introduction Sociological evidence on the effects of PMMA is limited by the fact that there is no evident consumer market for this drug in Europe. In those cases where PMMA has appeared on the European market, it has always been consumed with PMA, as part of a tablet which was believed to be ‘ecstasy’ (15). Thus, this chapter is limited to a few brief sociological observations on the following: • The social aspects of, and items of concern regarding, the content of ‘ecstasy’ tablets. ... EMCDDA Report on the risk assessment of PMMA Thu, 21 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 Chapter 6 Public health risks of PMMA: epidemiological evidence https://abuse-drug.com/lib/EMCDDA-Report-on-the-risk-assessment-of-PMMA/chapter-6-public-health-risks-of-pmma-epidemiological-evidence.html IntroductionPMA has been listed as a controlled drug in the UN Convention Schedule since 1986. It first appeared on the illicit drug market between 1972 and 1973 in the USA and Canada and was usually sold as ‘ecstasy’. It acquired the street name ‘death’ because of its link to at least nine deaths (Cimbura, 1974; Stafford, 1992; Shulgin and Shulgin, 1991). In the second half of the 1990s, PMA was identified as causing at least six deaths in Australia (Felgate et al., 1998; Byard et al., 1... EMCDDA Report on the risk assessment of PMMA Wed, 20 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 References https://abuse-drug.com/lib/EMCDDA-Report-on-the-risk-assessment-of-PMMA/references.html Alles, G. A., ‘Some relations between chemical structure and physiological action ofmescaline and related compounds’, in Abramson, H. A. (ed.), Neuropharmacology,Trans fourth conference, Macy Jr Foundation, USA, 1959, pp. 181–268. Angrist, B. M., Schweitzer, J. W., Friedhoff, A. J. and Gershon, S., ‘Investigation ofp-methoxyamphetamine excretion in amphetamine induced psychosis’, Nature, 225,1969, pp. 651–652. Bai, F., Lau, S. S., Monks, T. J., ‘Glutathione and N-acetylcysteine co... EMCDDA Report on the risk assessment of PMMA Tue, 19 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 Participants in the risk assessment process https://abuse-drug.com/lib/EMCDDA-Report-on-the-risk-assessment-of-PMMA/participants-in-the-risk-assessment-process.html EMCDDA Scientific Committee Members Prof. Salme Ahlström, National research and development centre for welfare andhealth, Helsinki, Finland Dr Robert Wennig, Laboratoire National de la Santé, Centre Universitaire duLuxembourg, Luxembourg Dr Desmond Corrigan, School of pharmacy, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland Dr Sheila Bird, MRC Biostatistics unit, Institute of public health, University Forvie Site,Cambridge, UK Dr João Goulão, Drug addiction prevention and treatment service, Ministry ... EMCDDA Report on the risk assessment of PMMA Mon, 18 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 Further reading https://abuse-drug.com/lib/EMCDDA-Report-on-the-risk-assessment-of-PMMA/further-reading.html Other EMCDDA publications in the field of new synthetic drugs and implementation of the joint action EMCDDA Insights series New trends in synthetic drugs in the European Union: epidemiologyand demand-reduction responsesInsights series No 1Published: 1997ISBN: 92-9168-030-3Price: EUR 20.50 Implementation of the joint action Report on the risk assessment of GHB in the framework of the joint action on newsynthetic drugsPublished: 2002ISBN: 92-9168-122-9Price: Free Report on the risk assessment ... EMCDDA Report on the risk assessment of PMMA Sun, 17 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100